Objective Content

Unit

Forces and Motion

Local Objective

At the end of this unit, students will be able to...

a. Explain the effect of gravity and air resistance on falling objects.

b. Explain why objects in orbit are in free fall and appear to be weightless.

c. Describe how projectile motion is affected by gravity.

d. Describe Newton's first law of motion, and explain how it relates to objects at rest and objects in motion.

e. State Newton's second law of motion, and explain the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.

f. State Newton's third law of motion, and give examples of force pairs.

g. Calculate the momentum of moving objects.

h. Explain the law of conservation of momentum.

Objective used to evaluate students

Yes

Assessment Activity

1. The students will be assessed by completing daily independent activities on the objectives of explaining the effect of gravity and air resistance on falling objects; explaining why objects in orbit are in free fall and appear to be weightless; describing how projectile motion is affected by gravity; describing Newton's first law of motion, and explain how it relates to objects at rest and objects in motion; state Newton's second law of motion, and explain the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration; state Newton's third law of motion, and give examples of force pairs; calculate the momentum of moving objects; and explaining the law of conservation of momentum.

2. At the end of the unit, students will complete a unit evaluation testing mastery of explaining the effect of gravity and air resistance on falling objects; explaining why objects in orbit are in free fall and appear to be weightless; describing how projectile motion is affected by gravity; describing Newton's first law of motion, and explain how it relates to objects at rest and objects in motion; state Newton's second law of motion, and explain the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration; state Newton's third law of motion, and give examples of force pairs; calculate the momentum of moving objects; and explaining the law of conservation of momentum.

Level of Expectation

80%

List of concepts and Evaluation Types

Concept	Evaluation Type
Questions	CR
Unit Exam	CR

Learning Activity

The students will:

1. Read a section on gravity and motion. Discuss the effect of gravity and air resistance on falling objects, why objects in orbit are in free fall and appear to be weightless, and how projectile motion is affected by gravity.

2. Answer some recall questions from the reading checking for identification of key ideas, using math skills, using critical thinking, and interpreting graphics.

3. Read a section on Newton's Laws of Motion. Discuss Newton's first law of motion and how it relates to objects at rest and in motion, Newton's second law of motion and the relationship between force and mass and acceleration, and Newton's third law of motion and give examples of force pairs.

4. Answer some recall questions from the reading checking for identification of key ideas, using math skills, using critical thinking, and interpreting graphics.

5. Read a section on momentum. Discuss the momentum of moving objects and the law of conservation of momentum.

6. Answer some recall questions from the reading checking for identification of key ideas, using math skills, using critical thinking, and interpreting graphics.

7. End the chapter by reviewing their questions. Take a unit exam over the section forces and motion. Questions will review the following objectives: explaining the effect of gravity and air resistance on falling objects; explaining why objects in orbit are in free fall and appear to be weightless; describing how projectile motion is affected by gravity; describing Newton's first law of motion, and explain how it relates to objects at rest and objects in motion; state Newton's second law of motion, and explain the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration; state Newton's third law of motion, and give examples of force pairs; calculate the momentum of moving objects; and explaining the law of conservation of momentum.

Instructional Method

The teacher will:

1. Lecture and discuss gravity and motion. Include specific topics such as the effect of gravity and air resistance on falling objects, why objects in orbit are in free fall and appear to be weightless, and how projectile motion is affected by gravity.

2. Guide students during the answering of recall questions.

3. Lecture and discuss Newton's Laws of Motion. Include specific topics such as Newton's first law of motion and how it relates to objects at rest and in motion, Newton's second law of motion and the relationship between force and mass and acceleration, and Newton's third law of motion and give examples of force pairs.

4. Guide students during the answering of recall questions.

5. Lecture and discuss momentum. Include specific topics such as the momentum of moving objects and the law of conservation of momentum.

6. Guide students during the answering of recall questions.

Content Standards

SC 7, SC 2, SC 1

Process Standards

1.9, 4.1, 2.3, 3.5, 1.7, 3.3, 1.1, 3.1

Resources

Holt Science & Technology "Forces, Motion, and Energy" (M)

Correction Exercise

Assignment Corrections

Tutoring/Peer Coaching

Enrichment Exercise

Chapter 2 Enrichment Pages

Special Needs

Assignment Modifications

Alternative Testing

Tutoring/Peer Coaching

GLEs v1.0

GLE Code	Discipline	Strand	Big Idea	Concept	Grade Level/Course	GLE
SC/2FM/1/A/07/a	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	The motion of an object is described by its change in position relative to another object or point	The motion of an object is described as a change in position, direction, and speed relative to another object (frame of reference)	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Describe the circular motion of a moving object as the result of a force acting toward the center
SC/2FM/1/A/07/b	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	The motion of an object is described by its change in position relative to another object or point	The motion of an object is described as a change in position, direction, and speed relative to another object (frame of reference)	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Classify different types of motion (e.g., straight line, projectile, circular, vibrational)
SC/2FM/2/A/07/a	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	Forces affect motion	Forces are classified as either contact (pushes, pulls, friction, buoyancy) or non-contact forces (gravity, magnetism), that can be described in terms of direction and magnitude	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Identify and describe the types of forces acting on an object in motion, at rest, floating/sinking (i.e., type of force, direction, amount of force in Newtons)
SC/7IN/1/B/07/b	Science	Scientific Inquiry	Science understanding is developed through the use of science process skills, scientific knowledge, scientific investigation, reasoning, and critical thinking	Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence - All Units Determine the appropriate tools and techniques to collect data
SC/8ST/2/A/06-08/a	Science	Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity	Historical and cultural perspectives of scientific explanations help to improve understanding of the nature of science and how science knowledge and technology evolve over time	People of different gender and ethnicity have contributed to scientific discoveries and the invention of technological innovations	Grade 6-8	Scope and Sequence - All Units Describe how the contributions of scientists and inventors, representing different cultures, races, and gender, have contributed to science, technology and human activity (e.g., George Washington Carver, Thomas Edison, Thomas Jefferson, Isaac Newton, Marie Curie, Galileo, Albert Einstein, Mae Jemison, Edwin Hubble, Charles Darwin, Jonas Salk, Louis Pasteur, Jane Goodall, Tom Akers, John Wesley Powell, Rachel Carson) (Assess Locally)
SC/8ST/2/B/06-08/a	Science	Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity	Historical and cultural perspectives of scientific explanations help to improve understanding of the nature of science and how science knowledge and technology evolve over time	Scientific theories are developed based on the body of knowledge that exists at any particular time and must be rigorously questioned and tested for validity	Grade 6-8	Scope and Sequence - All Units Recognize the difficulty science innovators experience as they attempt to break through accepted ideas (hypotheses, laws, theories) of their time to reach conclusions that may lead to changes in those ideas and serve to advance scientific understanding (e.g., Darwin, Copernicus, Newton)
SC/8ST/2/B/06-08/b	Science	Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity	Historical and cultural perspectives of scientific explanations help to improve understanding of the nature of science and how science knowledge and technology evolve over time	Scientific theories are developed based on the body of knowledge that exists at any particular time and must be rigorously questioned and tested for validity	Grade 6-8	Scope and Sequence - All Units Recognize explanations have changed over time as a result of new evidence
SC/2FM/2/B/07/b	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	Forces affect motion	Every object exerts a gravitational force on every other object	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Recognize an object s weight is a measure of the gravitational force of a planet/moon acting on that object
SC/2FM/2/B/07/c	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	Forces affect motion	Every object exerts a gravitational force on every other object	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Compare the amount of gravitational force acting between objects (which is dependent upon their masses and the distance between them)
SC/2FM/2/D/07/d	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	Forces affect motion	Newton s Laws of Motion explain the interaction of mass and forces, and are used to predict changes in motion	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Explain how the acceleration of a moving object is affected by the amount of net force applied and the mass of the object
SC/2FM/2/D/07/b	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	Forces affect motion	Newton s Laws of Motion explain the interaction of mass and forces, and are used to predict changes in motion	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Explain that when forces (including magnetic, gravity, friction, push or pull) are balanced, objects are at rest or their motion remains constant
SC/2FM/2/D/07/c	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	Forces affect motion	Newton s Laws of Motion explain the interaction of mass and forces, and are used to predict changes in motion	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Explain that a change in motion is the result of an unbalanced force acting upon an object
SC/2FM/2/D/07/a	Science	Properties and Principles of Force and Motion	Forces affect motion	Newton s Laws of Motion explain the interaction of mass and forces, and are used to predict changes in motion	Grade 7	Scope and Sequence Force, Motion, and Work Compare the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces (including magnetic, gravity, friction, push or pull) on an object s motion

Objective Notes/Essential Questions

Date	Note/Question
6/18/2007 11:15:10 AM	Why do you have to aim above a target that you want to hit with a thrown object? When does an object reach its terminal velocity? How does Newton's second law explain why it is easier to push a bicycle than to push a car with the same acceleration? Use Newton's third law to explain how a rocket accelerates. What is the equation for momentum? Give an example of an object with a small mass that has a large momentum. Explain.

Date

Note/Question

6/18/2007 11:15:10 AM

Why do you have to aim above a target that you want to hit with a thrown object? When does an object reach its terminal velocity? How does Newton's second law explain why it is easier to push a bicycle than to push a car with the same acceleration? Use Newton's third law to explain how a rocket accelerates. What is the equation for momentum? Give an example of an object with a small mass that has a large momentum. Explain.